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Retrieval

Author
Tom Rochette
Table of Contents

Feeding agents the right slices of large corpora: chunking libraries, parsing pipelines, search-engine libraries, full RAG engines, the two big frameworks, graph-RAG systems, a vectorless reasoning engine, code knowledge-graph retrieval, and the patterns built on them.

  • Chonkie - the MIT chunking library (token, semantic, and neural chunkers) for RAG pipelines, its commercial arm dead and its maker pivoted to Feyn Labs.
  • Code-Graph-RAG - the MIT monorepo code-RAG system storing tree-sitter plus compiler facts in a Memgraph graph queried by an agent writing Cypher.
  • Docling - IBM-origin document parser turning PDF, Office, audio, and video into structured DoclingDocuments for RAG and agent pipelines.
  • GraphRAG - Microsoft Research’s entity-graph RAG pipeline with community summaries, now declared largely in maintenance mode by its own README.
  • Knowhere - Ontos AI’s structure-preserving document parsing and retrieval pipeline, hosted per page or self-hosted, its self-reported benchmark and near-empty HN footprint attached.
  • LangChain - the largest LLM framework, repositioned in 2026 as an agent engineering platform.
  • LightRAG - the HKU lab’s MIT graph-RAG framework (dual-level retrieval, pluggable graph storage), the maintained carrier of the pattern Microsoft parked.
  • LlamaIndex - the MIT data framework for retrieval pipelines, now the open arm of LlamaParse.
  • open-codebase-index - the MIT self-hosted semantic code index (embeddings, BM25, call graph) served to OpenCode, Claude Code, Codex, Pi, and MCP clients.
  • Orama - the Apache-2.0 embeddable search engine and RAG pipeline for JS/TS, 1.4M weekly installs on a stalled release train.
  • PageIndex - Vectify AI’s vectorless reasoning-RAG engine (tree index per document, LLM tree search), the largest bet that the vector layer is skippable.
  • R2R - SciPhi’s MIT agentic-RAG engine (multimodal ingestion, hybrid search, knowledge graphs, Deep Research API), two large Show HNs in 2024, dormant since late 2025 with its docs and company site gone.
  • RAGFlow - InfiniFlow’s Apache-2.0 RAG engine (DeepDoc parsing, template chunking, citations, agentic retrieval), 92.1k stars, self-hosted or clouded, with a disruptive 1.0 Go rewrite.
  • Semantic code search - retrieval by meaning over embedded chunks, shipped as a workspace index.
  • Tree-sitter chunking - cutting files along syntax boundaries instead of fixed line counts.
  • Unstructured - the Apache-2.0 parsing incumbent Docling displaced, now funneling to a hosted Transform MCP server and quote-priced Pipelines.

Its members are compared on shared rows in the Retrieval Feature Matrix.

Changes
#

  • 2026-08-24 - Added LangChain.
  • 2026-08-24 - Added LlamaIndex.
  • 2026-08-24 - Added Semantic code search.
  • 2026-08-24 - Added Tree-sitter chunking.
  • 2026-09-16 - Added Chonkie.
  • 2026-09-20 - Added Knowhere.
  • 2026-09-27 - Added Docling.
  • 2026-10-05 - Added open-codebase-index.
  • 2026-10-06 - Added Orama.
  • 2026-10-06 - Added RAGFlow.
  • 2026-10-06 - Added Unstructured.
  • 2026-10-07 - Added Code-Graph-RAG.
  • 2026-10-07 - Added GraphRAG.
  • 2026-10-07 - Added LightRAG.
  • 2026-10-07 - Added PageIndex.
  • 2026-10-11 - Added R2R.